歡迎來(lái)電services@isa-hsse.com或加微信13540615182進(jìn)行技術(shù)交流。

①　Potential economic loss of person injury(RMB):

2215271 ≤M-MPL≤ 2512817

Remark:

Tianjin xxx Chemical Co., Ltd.  has excellent process equipment in good condition, high level of automation, more reliable operation of safety facilities, complete HSE manage system in function since it was put into operation, and the risks are generally controllable. However, after all, it is a typical chemical company, which is a factory always using hazardous chemical, and the plant involves one major hazardous source at the first level, one major hazardous source at the third level and one major hazardous source at the fourth level, as well as the key supervised hazardous process - polymerization process, and there are many contractors working in the plant, so there exists still risks such as fire, explosion,poisoning and asphyxiation, which may lead to accidents., which may lead to accidents. Therefore, we assume that when barriers go wrong, such as liquid oxygen station occur fire and explosion, then the number of people who may be directly affected at the front-line is 2 potential fatalities, 1 potential serious injury not yet disabled, and 1 potential minor injury hospitalized, and calculated with the statutory death compensation standard of 985660RMB in 2023.

②　The maximum possible asset loss A-MPL is: 404114985.3RMB.

It includes the cost of accident disposal and the economic loss value of assets, such as the cost of cleaning up accident scene, the cost of investigation, the cost of on-site inspection, the cost of compensation, reconstruction, inflation, etc., but it does not include the loss of person injury.

The plant is located within the chemical park, and the plan layout and safety distance etc. meet the design specification requirements, so the likelihood of major losses due to fire and explosion disasters in the vicinity is low. Even through the plant is located within Bohai Bay, which is seldom affected by typhoons and floods, and the design and construction of the plant also fully consider the factors of earthquake, typhoon and rainstorm prevention, and the structure meets the requirements of the design specifications.

Therefore, the major economic losses of the factory mainly come from internal, especially from fire and explosion accidents.  The equipment and facilities in the production area are defined as major hazardous sources and are of high value. Assuming that a fire /explosion occurs when all safety protection measures fail, but the safety protection distance of each building (structure) in the plant meets the code requirements, and the production area, reprocessing and warehouse and office areas are relatively independent from each other, so the accident that causes the greatest loss at one time is most likely to be in the production unit and tank area.In comprehensive consideration of the dangerous unit asset value A, inflation factor R, the construction/reconstruction period T, the cost of accident disposal C includes the cost of cleaning up the accident scene, the cost of investigation the On-site inspection cost, accident compensation cost, etc. The cost of restart-up M includes lack of detailed design scheme and data support, investment adjustment. and according to the site conditions and asset balance sheet, the dangerous unit is divided into three parts in total: production unit area (including tank area) A1, product inventory (including storage room ) A2, housing buildings (including fixed equipment) A3. 

The corresponding values of R, T, C and M are shown in the following table.

According to the formula xxx yields.

The maximum possible asset loss A-MPL = 404114985.3.

③　Fraud risk level: negligible risk

④　Potential total economic loss（EML）:200,847,907.80RMB(Not include M-MPL)

It refers to the sum of all losses after an accident, including BI and A-MPL,and then calculated based on the likelihood of accident occurrence. The calculation formula is as follows:.

Based on the total risk level L3, the range of EML ratio K is 0.35-0.64. Since no fatality occurring in the factory,  take the average value is 0.495.

BI+A-MPL*K

The result is:810890.08+404114985.3*0.495=EML=200,847,907.80

⑤　Single potential business interruption value BI value: ￥810,890.08

Factory business occurs business interruption mainly due to power outages, serious natural disasters or fire and explosion accidents. The plant is powered by dual circuit power supply system and has an emergency generator system and UPS system. Since the plant has been put into operation, there has not been any accident of sudden power failure resulting in production interruption, and the reliability of power supply is extremely high. From the assessment of regional geological conditions and natural disasters, the likelihood of business interruption due to natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods at the plant is relatively low. After all, the plant is a typical chemical company, which using hazardous chemical, involving major hazardous sources and key supervised hazardous processes, and there are many many contractors working in the plant, considering that the occurrence of accidents is  occasional, so the biggest likelihood of business interruption is from the impact of fire and explosion. Considering the strict requirement of the process of chemical company stopping for maintenance and recommissioning work, it is estimated that normal production can be resumed after 7 days of shutdown. Therefore the loss of production stoppage is.

872300*7=￥6106100

Calculations based on a projected marginal profit margin of 13.28% in 2023 result in a single potential shutdown loss of

6106100*13.28% = ￥810,890.08

Note: The impact factor of this business interruption does not consider the government's administrative factors.

①　潛在的傷亡經(jīng)濟(jì)損失為（RMB）：

2215271 ≤潛在傷亡經(jīng)濟(jì)損失M-MPL≤ 2512817

備注：

天津xx化學(xué)有限責(zé)任公司的工藝裝備水平優(yōu)良，自動(dòng)化程度高，安全設(shè)施可靠運(yùn)行，自從2010年投產(chǎn)至今HSE體系完備并運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)總體可控。但畢竟是典型的化工企業(yè)，屬于危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品使用單位，工廠涉及一級(jí)重大危險(xiǎn)源1個(gè)，三級(jí)重大危險(xiǎn)源1個(gè)和四級(jí)重大危險(xiǎn)源1個(gè)，以及重點(diǎn)監(jiān)管危險(xiǎn)工藝—聚合工藝，且廠區(qū)作業(yè)外協(xié)單位較多，因此仍存在火災(zāi)爆炸和中毒窒息等危險(xiǎn)性，可能致使事故發(fā)生。于是，我們假設(shè)當(dāng)企業(yè)最薄弱的環(huán)節(jié)發(fā)生嚴(yán)重事故時(shí)，比如爆炸或火災(zāi)，其可能在第一線直接受到?jīng)_擊影響的人數(shù)為潛在死亡2人，潛在重傷未殘1人，潛在輕傷住院1人，并以2023年法定死亡賠償標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 985660RMB計(jì)算。

②　最大可能的資產(chǎn)損失A-MPL為：404114985.3元。

它包括事故處理費(fèi)用+資產(chǎn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失價(jià)值，如清除事故殘余費(fèi)用、調(diào)查事故費(fèi)用、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢查費(fèi)用、事故賠償費(fèi)用，如重建費(fèi)用，通貨膨脹等，但不包括人傷亡的損失。

工廠位于化工園區(qū)內(nèi)，平面布置和安全距離等滿足設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范要求，因此受附近的火災(zāi)爆炸災(zāi)害影響而導(dǎo)致重大損失的可能性較小。另外，工廠位于渤海灣內(nèi)，很少受到臺(tái)風(fēng)和洪水的影響，而且工廠在建筑設(shè)計(jì)和施工時(shí)也充分考慮防地震、防臺(tái)風(fēng)和防暴雨的因素，結(jié)構(gòu)滿足設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范要求。

因此，工廠發(fā)生重大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的可能主要源于企業(yè)自身，尤其是火災(zāi)爆炸事故。生產(chǎn)區(qū)域內(nèi)的設(shè)備設(shè)施有重大危險(xiǎn)源且價(jià)值較高，假設(shè)所有的安全防護(hù)措施都失效的情況發(fā)生了火災(zāi)爆炸，但廠區(qū)內(nèi)各建（構(gòu)）筑物的安全防護(hù)距離滿足規(guī)范要求，生產(chǎn)區(qū)域、后處理及倉(cāng)庫(kù)和辦公區(qū)域之間相對(duì)獨(dú)立，因此一次性造成的最大損失的事故最有可能是在生產(chǎn)裝置及罐區(qū)。綜合考慮到危險(xiǎn)單位資產(chǎn)價(jià)值 A、通貨膨脹因素R，新建/重建工期T，清除事故殘余費(fèi)用、調(diào)查事故費(fèi)用、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢查費(fèi)用、事故賠償費(fèi)用等 C，缺少詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)方案和數(shù)據(jù)支持，投資調(diào)整 M，并根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)狀況和資產(chǎn)表，將危險(xiǎn)單元共計(jì)分為三部分：生產(chǎn)裝置區(qū)（含罐區(qū)）A1、產(chǎn)品庫(kù)存（含庫(kù)房）A2、房屋建筑物（含固定裝備）A3，其相對(duì)應(yīng)的R、T、C、M取值見(jiàn)下表：

根據(jù)計(jì)算公式xxxx得出：

最大可能的資產(chǎn)損失A-MPL=404114985.3元。

③　企業(yè)道德風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)：可忽略風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

企業(yè)或項(xiàng)目可能經(jīng)濟(jì)總損失EML：200,847,907.80元(不含人身傷害損失)

它指發(fā)生事故后所有的損失之和，包括BI和A-MPL，即損失包括利潤(rùn)損失和財(cái)產(chǎn)的損失，然后基于可能發(fā)生事故的概率進(jìn)行計(jì)算。計(jì)算公式如下：

基于總體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)L3，EML ratio取值K的范圍為0.35-0.64，因工廠未出現(xiàn)過(guò)死亡事故，故取平均值0.495。

BI+A-MPL*K

結(jié)果為：810890.08+404114985.3*0.495=EML=200,847,907.80元

④　單次潛在營(yíng)業(yè)中斷值BI值：810，890.08元

工廠營(yíng)業(yè)發(fā)生營(yíng)業(yè)中斷的情況主要為停電、嚴(yán)重自然災(zāi)害或火災(zāi)爆炸泄露事故。工廠實(shí)行兩路電源供電，且有應(yīng)急發(fā)電機(jī)系統(tǒng)和UPS系統(tǒng)，投產(chǎn)至今尚未發(fā)生過(guò)突然斷電導(dǎo)致生產(chǎn)中斷的事故，供電可靠性極高。從區(qū)域地質(zhì)條件及自然災(zāi)害評(píng)估情況看，工廠因地震洪水等自然災(zāi)害而導(dǎo)致的營(yíng)業(yè)中斷可能性較小。畢竟工廠是典型的化工企業(yè)，屬于危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品使用單位，涉及重大危險(xiǎn)源和重點(diǎn)監(jiān)管危險(xiǎn)工藝，且廠區(qū)作業(yè)外協(xié)單位較多，考慮事故的發(fā)生有其偶然性，因此工廠營(yíng)業(yè)中斷的最大可能是來(lái)自火災(zāi)爆炸的影響。考慮化工企業(yè)停車檢修復(fù)工流程的嚴(yán)格性，按照停產(chǎn)7天后能恢復(fù)正常生產(chǎn)估算。因此停產(chǎn)損失為：

872300*7=6106100元

根據(jù)2023年預(yù)測(cè)的邊際利潤(rùn)率為13.28%進(jìn)行計(jì)算，則單次潛在停產(chǎn)損失為：

6106100*13.28%=810，890.08元

備注：該營(yíng)業(yè)中斷的影響因素不考慮政府的行政管理因素。